March 2010 Recap

Equity markets finished the fourth quarter strong, as market participants celebrated the Federal Reserve’s commitment to keeping exceptionally low rates in place for “an extended period.”

Economic data was mixed throughout March. Investors were excited early in the month by February’s labor report, which showed payrolls dropped less-than-expected. The strength of the labor market is widely considered the key factor determining the pace of household spending. The jobs situation is lagging previous recoveries, though, and may be weighing on consumers, which was evident with the preliminary consumer sentiment index contracting.

Weak housing starts and softening home price indicators dampened sentiment a bit, but also provided additional reasons for the Fed to keep interest rates at emergency levels. Low inflationary indicators also supported accommodative policy, with consumer prices remaining flat month-over-month and capacity utilization well below its long-term average.

Inflation remains a concern in the future and the Fed is walking a tightrope with its exit plan, but equity markets appear content with the Fed’s direction for now.

All equity asset classes moved higher in March, led by domestic REITs. REITs continue to benefit from merger and acquisition activity, headlined by the bidding for General Growth Properties, which filed for the biggest real-estate bankruptcy in U.S. history.

Small cap stocks outperformed their larger counterparts. This is somewhat surprising given the fact that credit is still relatively tight for small caps. Smaller businesses are also more likely to be affected by the healthcare legislation passed by Congress in March.

Speaking of healthcare legislation, hospitals and drugmakers appear to be the biggest winners as they pick up a glut of new paying customers. Meanwhile the insurance industry is coming out of all this relatively unscathed. In the end, the most controversial proposals – a government-run insurance option and direct government negotiation on drug prices for Medicare – were eliminated from the bill.

In overseas markets, concerns about Greece eased as the bailout of the debt-ridden country gained clarity. Despite nice gains in March, international markets have underperformed the S&P 500 in 2010, with performance for U.S. investors in many developed markets hurt by the relative strength of the U.S. dollar.

Treasury yields rose to their highest levels since late last year as investor’s appetite for risk improved following last month’s volatility in the credit markets. After a bout of flattening at the beginning of the month, the curve steepened back up to finish where it started at 280 basis points spread between the 2-year and the 10-year, just 11 basis points shy of its all time high of 291 set on February 22. The Barclays Aggregate Bond Index was down 0.12 percent for the month, with corporate debt being the best performing sector in the index.

A lot was written this past month on the end of the “Greatest Bull Market in Bonds Ever,” with many analysts calling March 2010 the beginning of the next rate cycle. A rising rate environment will hurt longer-term bonds significantly more than shorter-term bonds; given our bias toward the shorter-end of the curve, we consider our portfolios well positioned to weather such an environment. The majority of bonds we hold will allow us to reinvest more quickly than if we were to buy longer-term debt and take advantage of higher yields.

Peter Lazaroff, Investment Analyst
Cliff Reynolds, Investment Anlayst

Daily Insight: ADP, Chicago PMI, and Q1 Results

U.S stocks lost a little ground yesterday, falling back to the low-end of this range tight range (at least in terms of near-term standards) we’ve been in over the past 11 sessions. A disappointing employment survey got stocks off to a bad start as they hit the day’s nadir just 30 minutes into the session. The market did showed a little life by mid-day as the S&P 500 moved into positive territory, but retreated again in the final hour. With stocks closed tomorrow even as we get the March payrolls report, traders are just not willing to get in front of this data and hold those positions into the weekend.

It’s more than appropriate for the Exchange to close and observe Good Friday – don’t get me wrong I’m not at all inferring the market should open. Rather, the Labor Department should delay the employment report until Monday. The monthly jobs report is almost always released on the first Friday of the month, but this is the most market-moving data we receive and thus should be held until next week.

Only two of the major 10 industry groups closed higher yesterday, energy led the way and financials posted a slight gain. Consumer discretionary shares led the decliners, with technology and industrials rounding out the three worst performers.

Yesterday ended the first quarter and the major indices recorded another strong three-month period, marking the fourth-straight quarterly gain. Mid and small-cap stocks led the way, as the international indices lagged – you can see the results in the table below the jump via the YTD column.

For the quarter just ended, the Dow Industrials gained 4.11%; the S&P 500 added 4.87%; the NASDAQ Composite rallied 5.68%; the S&P 400 (mid-cap) surged 8.70%; the Russell 200 (small cap) jumped 8.51%. Overseas indices lagged as the main international index for developed economies rose just 0.22% and emerging markets added 2.11%
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Brent Vondera, Senior Analyst

Daily Insight: Case-Shiller and Consumer Confidence

U.S. stocks wavered during the entire session. The major indices put their intraday highs and lows in before 10:30 CDT, then pretty much flat-lined until a little pop in the final hour of trading. The Dow Industrials was the best performer of the big three, but it was all due to one stock: 3M’s 3.5% jump accounted for 22 Dow points, which more than offset weakness from Boeing, Travelers, AT&T and IBM.

For the broad market, technology, industrials and basic materials led the S&P 500 to a fractional gain. Financials led the decliners. Utility and telecoms also closed lower.

The market is just kind of trading in this range of 1160-1175 on the S&P (10840-10955 for the Dow) as traders probably don’t want to get ahead of the March jobs report on Friday. Stocks will actually be closed on Good Friday.

It will be interesting to watch how the market reacts to what will be the best payroll numbers in more than two years. We’ve got a good shot at a 200K-plus increase; we’ll be watching the private sector readings as we’re expecting to get 100K from 2010 census hiring, which is only temporary employment. Will the market celebrate the good news if private-sector payrolls rise 100K? Or will traders worry that such a number will hasten some Fed tightening and sell off? I think we really need to see a substantial multi-month move in payrolls before the Fed signals they begin to mildly end ZIRP. We shall see.
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Brent Vondera, Senior Analyst

Market Minute: Interest rates and the bond market

A colleague of mine asked me to touch on fixed income this week. Ask and you shall receive…

Bond funds have been extremely popular in the past 12 months, maybe even too popular. In 2009, equity mutual funds had net outflows of $35 billion while bond funds saw $421 billion of net inflows. So far this year, investors have placed about $89 billion with bond funds, or five times the rate in the first quarter a year ago. This is somewhat surprising given the powerful stock market rally over the last 12 months.

One explanation for the staggering bond flows could be the reality check investors got regarding their true risk tolerance. Pre-crisis, I commonly heard people insist they could handle more risk in the stock market or resist the idea that bonds play an important role in meeting long-term goals. If investors became more risk adverse following the crisis, then we should expect to see a spike in flows into bond funds.

A second explanation is that people got hungry for yield as they watched the stock market soar higher and their cash earned nothing. Chasing yield is a very dangerous game, especially under the belief that bonds can’t fall in value. But bond prices can fall if the Fed is forced to raise rates aggressively to fight off inflation, which seems like a reasonable possibility, and the interest rate shock would only be made worse by the fact that short-term rates are starting from zero.

I’m not suggesting this is any reason to sell all your bonds – I hope my readers stick to a more disciplined long-term investment plan– but it is worth discussing after seeing rising yields in last week’s U.S. Treasury auctions.

Rates for U.S. Treasuries were higher last week in part due to weaker demand from foreign investors such as Japan and China, but rates also reflect concerns about the massive supply of U.S. debt flooding the market and the inflationary effect of increased government spending. (You can read more about last week’s rise in rates in a post by Cliff Reynolds here.)

A sharp rise in long-term interest rates may be the biggest risk to both stock and fixed income markets today. In fact, I would expect to see a correction in the stock market if 10-year Treasury yields were to suddenly rise from today’s level of 3.87% to 4.5% in the near-term. That is because Treasuries are the benchmark for lending across the economy. Higher Treasury yields weigh on the economy by increasing mortgage rates, corporate borrowing costs, and interest on rising government debt.

I want to re-emphasize that I would only be worried about a significant near-term rise in rates. I say this because rates will go up at some point – government borrowing needs and the economic recovery make this inevitable. Nobody can know for sure when this will happen, although the Fed will telegraph the move by removing the phrase “extended period” from their view of the duration of “exceptionally low” rates.

Thanks for reading.

Peter Lazaroff, Investment Analyst

Daily Insight: Income & Spending, Dallas Fed, Profits

U.S. stock futures were higher in pre-market trading yesterday and that upbeat sentiment flowed into the official session. The major indices held onto almost all of the early-session gains, unlike the past two days in which morning rallies were completely rejected in the afternoon.

A better-than-expected Economic Sentiment reading within the Eurozone and a surprise 4.2% rise in Japanese retail sales drove the day’s relative optimism. A good spending number for February in the U.S., even though it was not accompanied by an increase in income, kept that momentum going.

Energy shares led the way as the price of crude rose 3% to close at $82.36/barrel. Other outperformers were utility, health-care, industrial and basic material shares. The indexes that track technology and consumer discretionary stocks were the only losers on the session.
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Brent Vondera, Senior Analyst

Daily Insight: Another prevention plan, GDP and confidence

U.S. stock indices ended mixed on Friday as the Dow and S&P 500 ended slightly higher, while the NASDAQ, mid and small cap indices failed to close above the cut line.

It was another session in which early gains were rejected as we headed into the afternoon session. Comments from former Fed Chairman Greenspan, calling the recent rise in Treasury yields the “canary in the mine” (regarding the government’s fiscal situation), may have been a factor weighing on investor sentiment. Stocks also had to deal with the downed South Korean naval ship along a disputed border with the North -- and naturally the rumors that follow.

Even though the S&P 500’s gain was only fractional, eight of the 10 major industry groups closed higher on the session. Basic material, consumer discretionary and industrials led the way. Health care and technology shares were day’s only losers.

For the week, the Dow Industrial gained 1.0%; the NASDAQ Composite rose 0.80%; and the S&P 500 added 0.50%. The gains marked the fourth-straight week of increase for all three indices.
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Brent Vondera, Senior Analyst